Comet Pan-STARRS (C/2011 L4) is now inside the orbit of Mercury and it is brightening as it approaches the sun. Observers in the southern hemisphere say the comet can be seen with the naked eye even through city lights. Currently, it is about as bright as the stars of the Big Dipper (Ursa Major) (magnitude +2 to +3). The comet could become even brighter when it moves into northern hemisphere skies in the second week of March.
A comet falling in from the distant reaches of the solar system could become a naked-eye object in early March. This is Comet Pan-STARRS’s first visit to the inner solar system, so surprises are possible as its virgin ices are exposed to intense solar heating.
Several important dates are approaching. On March 5th, Comet Pan-STARRS makes its closest approach to Earth (1.1 AU), followed on March 10th by its closest approach to the sun (0.3 AU).
As Comet Pan-STARRS passes the sun, solar glare might make it difficult to see even as the nucleus vaporizes and brightens. By March 12th and 13th, the comet will reappear in the sunset skies of the northern hemisphere not far from the crescent Moon; think photo-op! Light curves suggest that the comet’s brightness will peak near 2nd magnitude, similar to the stars of Ursa Major. Check the Spaceweather realtime comet gallery for the latest images.
An orbit diagram of Comet Pan-STARRS is available here.
Get the comet’s ephemeris here.
And light curve diagrams can be found here.
Filed under: Comets
